Monograph

J05AF05 - Lamivudine

Propably not porphyrinogenic

Side effects

Common adverse reactions of lamivudine that can be confused with an acute porphyric attack are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhoea. These side effects may potentially be porphyrinogenic if leading to a decrease in carbohydrate intake.

Rationale

Lamivudine is not metabolized by CYP450 enzymes, and is not an inducer or a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes. No pharmacokinetic porphyrinogenic effects are suspected.

Chemical description

Nucleoside analogue

Therapeutic characteristics

Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used in the treatment of HIV-1 and hepatitis B. It is administered orally.

Metabolism and pharmacokinetics

Lamivudine is not a substrate, inhibitor or inducer of CYP450 enzymes (Johnson 1999, SPC). The majority of lamivudine is eliminated unchanged through the kidney, and only 5 % is metabolized to trans-sulfoxide (Kumar 2010).

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References

#	Citation details	PMID
*	Scientific articles
1.	Clinical pharmacokinetics of lamivudine. Johnson MA, Moore KH, et al. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1999 Jan;36(1):41-66.
2.	Kumar PN, Patel P. Lamivudine for the treatment of HIV. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2010 Jan;6(1):105-14.	20001611
*	Summary of Product Characteristics
3.	The electronic Medicines Compendium (emc). Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC). (Epivir).

Citation details

PMID

Scientific articles

Clinical pharmacokinetics of lamivudine.

Johnson MA, Moore KH, et al. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1999 Jan;36(1):41-66.

Kumar PN, Patel P. Lamivudine for the treatment of HIV. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2010 Jan;6(1):105-14.

20001611

Summary of Product Characteristics

The electronic Medicines Compendium (emc). Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC). (Epivir).

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